The city has several major educational institutions. Two of the most well-known are the Ateneo de Manila University and the University of the Philippines, Diliman. Also in Quezon City are medical schools such as the Far Eastern University - Nicanor Reyes Medical Foundation, Our Lady of Fatima University - Fatima Medical Science Foundation, Capitol Medical Center Colleges, and the University of the East - Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center.

The Polytechnic University of the Philippines also has an extension campus in Commonwealth area. The city government operates the Quezon City Polytechnic University, which has campuses in Novaliches and Barangay Pag-asa. Business and management schools include Entrepreneurs School Of Asia located in Libis, Philippine School of Business Administration (PSBA), and National College for Business and Arts (NCBA). Popular women's colleges such as Saint Pedro Poveda College (formerly known as Poveda Learning Center), Miriam College, and St.

Theresa's College Q.C. are also found in the city. Sectarian schools such as the Catholic Siena College of Quezon City,Colegio de San Lorenzo, Asia School of Arts and Sciences, the Episcopal Trinity University of Asia, and the Iglesia ni Cristo - affiliated New Era University are also found in the city. Other schools include the Philippine Rehabilitation Institute, the main branch of the AMA Computer University, and numerous campuses of information technology schools such as Informatics and STI College.

Notable secondary public schools include Philippine Science High School, Quezon City Science High School, and the University of the Philippines Integrated School (UPIS). Quezon City also holds the largest number of private elementary and secondary schools in Metro Manila, such as Ateneo de Manila High School, Claret School of Quezon City, Sacred Heart Academy (with branches in La Loma and Novaliches), Miriam College, School of the Holy Spirit, School of Saint Anthony, Grace Christian High School, Lourdes School of Quezon City, Holy Family School, and Kostka School. The diocesan schools are the Immaculate Concepcion Cathedral School (Diocese of Cubao) and the Good Shepherd Cathedral School (Diocese of Novaliches). Many Catholic parishes also operate parochial schools of their own as well.